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What Is Autism?
Autism is characterized by communication and social deficits and repetitive or restrictive behaviors. It is not a disease, and it cannot be cured. Children are born with autism, and research indicates that early signs occur before a year of age. Most parents begin noticing signs between 12–24 months, with additional symptoms emerging between ages two and three.
Autism can involve delays in developmental milestones or even a loss of previously acquired skills after a period of seemingly typical development.
Early Signs of Autism in Young Children
- Lack of eye contact
- Little to no gestures (e.g., pointing or waving goodbye)
- Echolalia (repeating words instead of responding)
- Not asking questions or engaging in back-and-forth conversation
- Not noticing or joining other children in play
- Repetitive movements such as rocking or hand flapping
- Difficulty transitioning from one activity to another
Understanding the Autism Spectrum
Autism exists on a large spectrum with a wide range of support needs. Some people work and live independently, while others require significant daily assistance. Support needs can vary throughout life, and although autism affects everyone differently, it's often wrongly assumed that all autistic individuals behave similarly.
To visualize this, imagine a color wheel—each person’s experience is a unique blend of traits such as sensory sensitivities, executive functioning differences, emotional regulation challenges, and social differences.
Why Are Autism Rates Rising?
Public discourse around the rise in autism rates has intensified. It’s important to understand that autism has existed throughout history. What was once labeled childhood schizophrenia may have actually been autism. Since 2000, the CDC has tracked autism rates.
In 2013, the diagnostic criteria changed to include individuals with lower support needs, and Asperger’s syndrome was merged into the autism diagnosis. These shifts, along with improved identification, explain much of the rise in reported cases.
Support Can Make a Difference
Many individuals with autism lead fulfilling, independent lives—especially when supported with the right tools and services.
The Summit Center provides programs and supports that help children and adults with autism reach their full potential. Learn more at TheSummitCenter.org or call 716-629-3400.
